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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention discloses a method for ex situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt soil using active magnesium oxide and belongs to the field of civil engineering. Such a method comprises the steps of pretreating the silt, mixing a solidifying agent, silt granulation, carbonization with carbon dioxide, collection of waste liquid / waste gas and recycling. Complete mixing of the silt with a solidifying agent and rapid carbonization by means of silt grains solidified with magnesium oxide are achieved by adapting the quantity of solidifying agent supplied on the basis of the measured water content and adapting the grain size and the carbon dioxide pressure based on the soil properties. In such an operation, dirt and carbon dioxide are absorbed, thus avoiding secondary pollution. Such a process is characterized by high security and simplicity, low carbon emissions and high continuity of operation. This solves silt treatment and engineering problems. Carbonized silt grains are advantageously characterized by low water content, high hardness, high shear strength and high friction coefficients and can be used as filler material for road pavements, runways or backfilling, thus realizing reuse of silt / dirt sludge and carbon dioxide in civil engineering. This is of great importance for civil engineering.
    公开号:CH714568B1
    申请号:CH00672/19
    申请日:2017-12-26
    公开日:2020-03-13
    发明作者:Liu Songyu；Cai Guanghua；Wang Liang；Qin Chuan
    申请人:Univ Southeast；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Field of the Invention
    The present invention relates to a treatment system for solidifying a silt generated in river, sea, water and civil engineering and an associated method, in particular a method for ex-situ carbonation and consolidation of a silt soil by means of active magnesium oxide, which is suitable for a silt with a high water content and low permeability is applicable and realizes the reuse of silt and carbon dioxide in civil engineering, and belongs to the field of reinforcement of soil for civil engineering or special soil for municipal engineering.
    Technical background
    China has a large territory with numerous rivers and lakes and is experiencing a rapid development in civil engineering. In the dredging of rivers and lakes as well as in hydraulic engineering and civil engineering, a large amount of silt is generated, which has a high water content, a high proportion of clay particles, a low water permeability and inadequate mechanical properties. Such silt from rivers and lakes itself contains a large amount of organic substances and harmful heavy metals and can hardly be used directly as a filler in civil engineering. Without adequate treatment, a large area of fertile farmland would be occupied. Furthermore, dirty water in the silt can easily penetrate into the subsoil, which leads to pollution of groundwater and other social problems. In the case of soft and weak silty foundations, treatment is usually given at home and abroad, among others. in the form of a vacuum preload dewatering, a heat treatment, a drying out of the suctioned deposit or disposal of excavated material and a solidification by means of a solidifying agent. In the vacuum biasing process, the water content of silt is reduced using atmospheric pressure. This is used as a common physical construction method to increase the load-bearing capacity of silt in situ. With such a method, however, a construction time of at least half a year is required and the treated foundation has a low load-bearing capacity (less than 60 kPa), so that widespread use is difficult to expect. In the heat treatment process, silt is converted into building material by heating or sintering, which has a low treatment capacity and high costs, so that wide use is hardly conceivable. When the deposit or disposal material is dried out, a large area of storage space is occupied and due to the low water permeability of silt, it is difficult to reuse the occupied land area within a short time, so that in addition to increased construction costs for suction or ex situ filling, air pollution and Secondary pollution can be caused. As the most promising treatment technique, solidification is carried out using a solidifying agent, that is to say a solidifying agent is added to the silt, mixing is carried out, after which it is laid or piled up for solidification, in order to change the properties of the silt.
    At home and abroad, polymers, ionic solutions and silicates made from slag are used as consolidation agents for soil improvement and silt consolidation. With such consolidation agents, the compressive strength of silt and soil can be increased. In spite of the small amount added and the ease of transportation of polymer hardening agent, the floor attached with it has a low water resistance and its strength decreases drastically on contact with water. Solidification agent in the form of ionic solution has complicated compositions and causes high costs in spite of the ability to fundamentally change the surface properties of the silt grains to increase the hydrophobicity and to achieve good strength and water resistance. In addition, the additives in the compositions are environmentally harmful and lead to soil and environmental pollution. Solidification agents in the form of silicates from slag are cement, lime or steelworks slag, coal ash, mineral slag or furnace slag etc. If such a hardening agent is used individually, a large amount of 120 to 400 kg / m <3> is required and the strength after Strengthening is only increased by 0.1 to 0.6 MPa, so that widespread use is difficult to expect. The Chinese patent CN 2013 10 204 944.6 discloses an environmentally friendly process for silt consolidation, in which industrial waste, mineral slag from iron mining as an aggregate and a mixture of Portland cement and carbide slag are used as consolidation agent. After mixing, the aggregate and the solidifying agent are used to solidify silt and the axial compressive strength of the solidified silt is increased considerably. As can be seen from the above analysis, problems with the storage of building ground and silt are solved to a certain extent with such methods, but there are obvious disadvantages with such consolidation agents: In the production of cement consolidation agents, a high energy consumption ( the calcination temperature is 1450 ° C), a large carbon dioxide emission and severe pollution are to be expected. The increasing emission of dust, carbon dioxide and other pollutants in the production of cement, lime and other building materials restricts the stable development of the economic environment and society. The search for a new kind of environmentally friendly material as a replacement for conventional Portland cement represents a new research direction in materials science and environmental geotechnology.
    The inventor proposed a method for carbonizing a DSM pile using magnesium oxide and an overall carbonization method for in-situ reinforcement of a weak and soft foundation and applied for the following patents, for example, the following: Carbonization stabilization method for soil and associated equipment (CN 2010 10 604 013.1), treatment system and associated method for reinforcing a soft soil foundation using heat from industrial exhaust gases (CN 2013 10 122 135.0), treatment system for reinforcing a foundation and manufacturing process of carbonized piles (CN 2014 10 203 978.8), carbonization reinforcement method by exchanging a base layer a soft ground foundation (CN 2014 10 272 957.1), local carbonization reinforcement method for a soft and weak shallow foundation (CN 2015 10 348 797.9) and combined foundation from a carbonized DSM pile and a ventilated tubular pile and their construction methods (CN 2017 10 225 231.6). The similarity of such patents resides in that carbon dioxide is introduced for carbonization using an active oxide as a soil stabilizer in order to achieve a consolidation of building ground, the advantages such as e.g. rapid consolidation, high strength and good environmental benefits can be achieved and a conformity with the development trend of environmentally friendly civil engineering is made possible. However, such patents are used for the in-situ consolidation of building soil and the consolidation effect is subject to the influences of the soil properties, the water content and the porosity of the natural building soil. In addition, a large waste of carbon dioxide and an obviously uneven carbonization are to be expected during the construction process, whereby adaptation to the carbonization and reinforcement of silt / dirt sludge is difficult to achieve.
    Efficient and inexpensive treatment of silt and use in construction given the nature of silt / dirt sludge and the features and problems of existing reinforcement processes, taking into account the rapid development of construction in China, has already become an urgent problem to be solved in this industry .
    Disclosure of the invention
    The present invention is therefore based on the problem, given the problems of low carbonization uniformity, large waste of carbon dioxide and inadequate adaptability to silt with a high water content in existing carbonization and reinforcement processes, a treatment system for ex-situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt floor using active magnesium oxide and an associated method, whereby the steps of pretreating the silt, mixing a solidifying agent, silt granulation, carbonization with carbon dioxide, collection of waste liquid / exhaust gas and recycling solve the problems of difficult carbonization and reinforcement as well as using silt with a high water content and a low permeability in the construction industry can be solved, the carbonization uniformity is substantially increased and a broader area of application is made possible, in order thus to reuse v on silt / dirt sludge and carbon dioxide in construction. In cooperation with several sensors provided for the system, the grain size and carbon dioxide pressure are adjusted depending on the soil properties and the amount of solidifying agent supplied on the basis of the measured water content. This results in increased work efficiency and a systematic and process-based setup. When using the device, dust and carbon dioxide can be absorbed, thus avoiding secondary pollution. The carbonized silt grains, which are generated after an operation of the facility is completed, have a high hardness and a high shear strength and can be used as filler material for road pavements, runways or backfilling, which is of great importance for the reuse of silt / dirt sludge and carbon dioxide in the Construction is.
    According to the invention the object is achieved by a treatment system for ex-situ carbonation and consolidation of a silt soil by means of active magnesium oxide, characterized in that the treatment system comprises a pretreatment device, a solidification agent supply device, a mixing device, a granulation device, a carbonation device and a Collection facility includeswherein the pretreatment device is connected to a water storage tank and an intermediate silo, in which intermediate silo a moisture sensor is also provided,wherein the mixing device mainly comprises a weighing hopper A, a weighing hopper B, a weighing hopper C, a conveyor belt, a mixing device and an inlet funnel A, the weighing hopper A being connected to the intermediate silo via a lifting device A, the conveyor belt being located under the weighing hopper A , the weighing hopper B and the weighing hopper C and the inlet hopper A are located below the outlet end of the conveyor belt and the inlet hopper A is fastened above the mixing device, the lowest region of the weighing hopper A, the weighing hopper B and the weighing hopper C each having a weighing sensor A, a weighing sensor B or a weighing sensor C,wherein the solidifying agent supply device comprises at least a first storage tank and a second storage tank, each of which is connected to an air compressor via a ventilation line, a first pressure control valve on the ventilation line connected to the first storage tank and a second pressure control valve on the ventilation line connected to the second storage tank are provided, and wherein the lowermost area of the first storage tank and the lowermost area of the second storage tank are each connected to the upper area of the weighing hopper B and the upper area of the weighing hopper C via a ventilation line,wherein the granulation device is located below the mixing device and an inlet funnel B is provided on the uppermost area of the granulation device and is connected to the lowest area of the mixing device via a material feed line,wherein the carbonization device comprises an inlet funnel C, a carbonization chamber, a vibrating screen, a gas storage tank, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, which inlet funnel C is connected via a lifting device B to the lowermost area of the granulation device and via a line to the uppermost area of the carbonation chamber, wherein an inlet valve is provided on the connecting line, the shaking sieve being located inside the carbonization chamber and below the inlet funnel C, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor being arranged in the upper region or on a side wall of the carbonization chamber, and the gas storage tank being connected to the via a ventilation line the uppermost region of the carbonization chamber is connected, on which ventilation line a third pressure control valve is also provided,wherein the collecting device comprises at least one liquor tank and a storage silo, the liquor tank being connected via a line to the lowermost area of the carbonization chamber and a control valve being provided on the connecting line, the storage silo being connected via an outlet line to the lower area of the carbonization chamber, at which Outlet line an outlet valve is provided.
    In a development of the present invention it is provided that it further comprises a cleaning device which is connected via a line to the mixing device, on which connecting line an exhaust air blower is provided.
    In another development of the present invention it is provided that in the pretreatment device from top to bottom, one after the other, a contamination removal separation layer, a sand-sludge separation separation layer and a drying-out and volume reduction separation layer are provided are.
    In another development of the present invention it is provided that the moisture sensor, the weighing sensor A, the weighing sensor B and the weighing sensor C are each connected to a central control device via a lead wire.
    In a still further development of the present invention, it is provided that the maximum mesh size of the vibrating screen is smaller than the minimum grain size of the grains produced by the granulation device.
    According to the invention the object is further achieved by using a treatment system for ex-situ carbonation and consolidation of a silt soil by means of active magnesium oxide according to one of the preceding claims for silt, the grain size depending on the soil properties and the water content of the silt the granules produced can be dynamically adapted to the granulation device in the treatment system.
    [0013] According to the invention, the object is further achieved by a method for ex-situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt bottom by means of active magnesium oxide, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:<tb> a: <SEP> Pretreatment of the silt:Removing solid contaminants from the silt to be treated in a pretreatment facility, separating sludge and sand using a mechanical sieve afterwards and drying out and reducing the volume in order to obtain water and sludge which have been pretreated,<tb> b: <SEP> mixing a solidifying agent:Unloading the sludge obtained in step a together with a first solidifying agent and a second solidifying agent via an associated weighing hopper onto a conveyor belt and conveying into a mixing device via a conveyor belt for mixing, the ratio of the sludge to the first solidifying agent and the second solidifying agent via one Weighing sensor is adjusted,<tb> c: <SEP> silt granulation:Conveying the mixed mixture into a granulation device for granulating the mixture in order to obtain solidified mixture grains,<tb> d: <SEP> carbonation with carbon dioxide:Conveying the solidified mixed material grains after step c into a vibrating screen within a carbonation chamber,<tb> e: <SEP> Collection of waste liquid / exhaust gas:Collecting the carbonized grains produced in step d and simultaneously absorbing waste liquid and exhaust gas generated in the process using an alkali,<tb> f: <SEP> recycling:Reuse of the carbonized grains obtained after the above steps as filler material in the road foundation, runway or backfill.
    In a further development of the present invention, it is provided that a moisture monitoring value of the sludge pretreated in step a is detected via a moisture sensor, with a weighing sensor A for the sludge, the first solidifying agent and the second solidifying agent in each case Weighing sensor B and a weighing sensor C are provided,and wherein any reference value is set for the weighing sensor A and then the weighing sensor B is set depending on the moisture monitoring value and depending on the target strength and hardness of the silt grains of the weighing sensor C.
    In another development of the present invention it is provided that the solid impurities are removed in step a by means of a mechanical egg nail or a mechanical sieve, the sludge and sand being separated primarily by mechanical centrifugation or filtering out using a soil technology mesh bag .
    In another development of the present invention it is provided that the first solidifying agent is an anhydrous magnesium chloride powder or a powder mixture of anhydrous magnesium chloride and anhydrous calcium chloride and the second solidifying agent is an active magnesium oxide powder or a powder mixture active magnesium oxide and calcium oxide.
    In a further development of the present invention, it is provided that the solidified mixed grains obtained after step c have a grain size of 1 cm to 10 cm.
    In a still further development of the present invention it is provided that the alkali in step e is primarily a sodium hydroxide solution.
    [0019] The present invention is advantageously distinguished from the prior art by the following effects:<tb> (1) <SEP> Flexible relationship between the hardening agent and the silt and increased work efficiency:When mixing with a hardening agent, a weighing sensor is provided so that the addition of the two hardening agents can be adjusted in real time depending on the water content of the silt and thus the optimum work efficiency can be achieved.<tb> (2) <SEP> Adjustable grain size of the solidified mix and prepared application:In the silt granulation step, the grain size of the granulated grains can be adjusted as a function of the soil properties, which extends the scope of the method and solves the problem of treating and using silt with a high water content, which increases the practicability.<tb> (3) <SEP> Good mixing of the hardening agent and high continuity of operation:A mixing device enables the silt to be mixed with two different strengthening agents. By adapting the grain size depending on the soil properties, the requirement of a subsequent carbonation process can be met. Several operations can be carried out seamlessly and continuously, which ensures increased continuity and completeness of the entire operation.<tb> (4) <SEP> High degree of utilization of carbon dioxide and even carbonization:A mobile carbonization chamber and a shaking sieve in the carbonization chamber achieve a complete carbonization of the grains solidified with magnesium oxide, with which the leakage and the waste of carbon dioxide during in-situ carbonization and solidification can be avoided and the degree of utilization of carbon dioxide can be increased. In addition, the uniformity of the carbonization of the grains solidified with magnesium oxide is improved by shaking the grains.<tb> (5) <SEP> Good treatment effect: With the method according to the invention, it does not take long to maintain and a carbonization process can be completed within a short time (less than 3 hours), the water content of the silt grains is significantly reduced and the strength and hardness of the silt grains can be increased.<tb> (6) <SEP> The water content of the silt can be determined by providing a moisture sensor. With the interaction of three different weighing sensors, the addition of the two solidifying agents can be adjusted in real time in order to achieve the optimal work efficiency.<tb> (7) <SEP> A cleaning device for the absorption of carbon dioxide, which is released during the pretreatment of silt and mixing, is also provided, thus avoiding pollution of the surroundings and achieving high efficiency and good environmental friendliness as well as sustainability . It can also extend the life of the system and reduce costs.<tb> (8) <SEP> The three-layer structure of the pretreatment device enables optimal separation of sludge and water, which strongly supports the subsequent mixing, granulation and carbonization processes. In addition to a simple structure and good ease of use, the treatment time of the entire system can be shortened and the efficiency increased.<tb> (9) <SEP> All sensors are connected to a central control unit, which ensures a centralized system, better continuity of the system and good usability. Thanks to parameterized and automatic operation, manual effort is reduced, progress is accelerated and overall costs are saved, which contributes to a wider range of applications.<tb> (10) <SEP> The maximum mesh size of the vibrating screen is smaller than the minimum grain size of the grains produced by the granulation device, which enables complete carbonization and solidification of the silt and provides strong support for the subsequent treatment. In addition, work efficiency is increased and treatment efficiency is largely optimized.<tb> (11) <SEP> Recycle: According to the invention, dirt silt / sludge is converted into an underground construction material with good technical properties by treatment, which, among other things, is used as a filler. can be used on roads, embankments, runways and backfill. This enables full utilization, high efficiency, good environmental friendliness and reuse of resources.<tb> (12) <SEP> Environmental friendliness: With the present invention, the land area occupied by the disposal of the silt produced in the construction industry and the pollution of the surroundings can be reduced. The process uses environmentally friendly active magnesium oxide as the main solidifying agent, which absorbs a large amount of carbon dioxide gas during carbonization and reinforcement. Furthermore, a device for holding waste liquid / exhaust gas is provided for the mixing and carbonization. The entire process is therefore advantageously characterized by low carbon emissions, good environmental friendliness and sustainable development.
    Representation of the pictures
    [0020]<tb> Fig. 1 <SEP> shows a treatment system for the ex situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt soil by means of active magnesium oxide in a schematic structural representation.
    There are 1 for pretreatment device, 2 for filter device, 3 for water storage tank, 4 for intermediate silo, 5 for sludge delivery line, 6 for moisture sensor, 7 for lifting device A, 8 for weighing bunker A, 9 for weighing bunker B, 10 for weighing bunker C, 11th for weighing sensor A, 12 for weighing sensor B, 13 for weighing sensor C, 14 for central control device, 15 for conveyor belt, 16 for mixing device, 17 for inlet funnel A, 18 for mixing device, 19 for exhaust air blower, 20 for cleaning device, 21 for first storage tank, 22 for second storage tank, 23 for first pressure control valve, 24 for second pressure control valve, 25 for air compressor, 26 for material delivery line, 27 for inlet funnel B, 28 for granulation device, 29 for lifting device B, 30 for inlet funnel C, 31 for inlet valve, 32 for carbonation chamber, 33 for Shaking slide, 34 for third pressure control valve, 35 for gas storage tank, 36 for temperature sensor, 37 for pressure sensor, 38 for r Control valve, 39 for suds tank, 40 for outlet line, 41 for outlet valve and 42 for storage silo.
    Specific embodiment
    In the description of the present invention, the terms such as "top", "bottom", "top", "bottom", "inside," outside ", which serve to describe the directional or positional relationship, are each related used on the illustration in the respective illustration, only to facilitate the description of the invention. In other words, these terms neither imply nor explicitly indicate a specific positioning of the device in question, so that there is no restriction of the invention here. For a better understanding of the possible implementation, the features, the achievable object and effect, the present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    A treatment system for ex-situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt soil using active magnesium oxide comprises a pretreatment device 1, a solidification agent supply device (21, 22, 23, 24, 25), a mixing device 18, a granulation device 28, a carbonization device (30, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37) and a collecting device (38, 39, 40, 41). The pretreatment device 1 is each connected to a water storage tank 3 and an intermediate silo 4, in which intermediate silo 4 a moisture sensor 6 is also provided. The mixing device 18 comprises above all a weighing hopper A8, a weighing hopper B9, a weighing hopper C10, a conveyor belt 15, a mixing device 16 and an inlet funnel A17, the weighing hopper A8 being connected to the intermediate silo via a lifting device A7. The conveyor belt 15 is located below the weighing hopper A8, the weighing hopper B9 and the weighing hopper C10 and the inlet funnel A17 is located below the outlet of the conveyor belt 15. The inlet funnel A17 is fastened above the mixing device 16. The lowermost area of the weighing hopper A8, the weighing hopper B9 and the weighing hopper C10 each has a weighing sensor A11, a weighing sensor B12 and a weighing sensor C13. The solidifying agent supply device comprises at least a first storage tank 21 and a second storage tank 22, each of which is connected to an air compressor 25 via a ventilation line. A first pressure control valve is provided on the ventilation line connected to the first storage tank 21 and a second pressure control valve 24 is provided on the ventilation line connected to the second storage tank 22. The lowermost area of the first storage tank 21 and the lowermost area of the second storage tank 22 are each connected to the upper area of the weighing bunker B9 and the upper area of the weighing bunker C10 via a ventilation line. The granulation device 28 is located below the mixing device 18 and at the uppermost area of the granulation device 28 there is an inlet funnel B27 which is connected to the lowermost area of the mixing device 16 via a material feed line 26. The carbonization device comprises an inlet funnel C30, a carbonization chamber 32, a shaker sieve 33, a gas storage tank 35, a temperature sensor 36 and a pressure sensor 37. The inlet funnel C30 is connected to the bottom area of the granulation device 28 via a lifting device B29 and via a line to the top area the carbonation chamber 32 connected. An inlet valve C31 is provided on the connecting line. The vibrating screen 33 is located within the carbonation chamber 32 and below the inlet funnel C30. The temperature sensor 36 and the pressure sensor 37 are arranged in the upper region or on a side wall of the carbonization chamber 32. The gas storage tank 35 is connected via a ventilation line to the uppermost region of the carbonation chamber 32, on which ventilation line a third pressure control valve 34 is also provided. The collecting device comprises at least one liquor tank 39 and a storage silo 42, which liquor tank 39 is connected to the lowermost region of the carbonation chamber 32 via a line. A control valve 38 is provided on the connecting line. The storage silo 42 is connected via an outlet line 40 to the lower region of the carbonization chamber 32, on which outlet line 40 an outlet valve 41 is provided.
    For treatment, the silt to be treated is first conveyed via a truck or a feed pump into the pretreatment device 1, in which, from top to bottom, in each case one impurity removal separating layer, one sand-sludge separating separating layer and one Dehumidification and volume reduction separation layers are provided, which in turn each carry out a contamination removal process, a sand-sludge separation process and a drying and volume reduction process. The soil removal process primarily removes solid contaminants, such as grass roots and rubbish bags. Then a sand-sludge separation function is initiated, in which sludge and sand are separated using a mechanical sieve. Finally, a drying and volume reduction process takes place, in which water and sludge that have been pretreated are separated and in each case taken up in the water storage tank 3 or the intermediate silo 4. To obtain water with a higher purity, a filter device 2 can be provided above the water storage tank 3 in order to filter out impurities or non-liquid substances.
    The sludge in the intermediate silo 4 is conveyed into the weighing hopper A8 by means of the lifting device A7 and at the same time the first pressure control valve 23 and the second pressure control valve 24 are opened and the first solidifying agent in the first storage tank 21 and the second hardening agent in the second storage tank 22 conveyed to the weighing bunker B9 or weighing bunker C10. The ratio between the sludge and the solidifying agent is adjusted via the weighing sensor A11, the weighing sensor B12 and the weighing sensor C13 and, depending on the water content of the silt, the addition amount of the two solidifying agents is adjusted in real time in order to achieve the optimal work efficiency. The sludge, the first solidifying agent and the second solidifying agent, which have been weighed in a corresponding ratio, are respectively discharged from the weighing bunker A8, the weighing bunker B9 and the weighing bunker C10 onto the conveyor belt 15 and fall down and over the outlet end of the conveyor belt 15 the inlet judge A17 above the mixing device 18 into the mixing device 18, in which the material to be mixed is mixed in order to produce a mixed material. A mixing device 16 enables the silt to be mixed with two different solidifying agents. By adapting the grain size depending on the soil properties, the requirement of a subsequent carbonation process can be met. Several operations can be carried out seamlessly and continuously, which ensures increased continuity and completeness of the entire operation. In addition, a cleaning device 20 is additionally provided, which is connected via a line to the mixing device 18, on which connecting line an exhaust air blower 19 is provided, which serves to absorb carbon dioxide, which is emitted during the pretreatment of silt and mixing, with which a Pollution of the environment is avoided and high efficiency, good environmental friendliness and sustainability are achieved. It can also extend the life of the system and reduce costs.
    The mixed mix is conveyed into the granulation device 28 via the material feed line 26 and the inlet funnel B27 in order to granulate the silt mix. Granulation of silt in the granulation device 28 overcomes the disadvantage of uneven in-situ grains and excessive sludge moisture in conventional methods. Depending on the water content and the properties of the sludge, the ratio between the sludge and the two solidifying agents is adjusted, which results in better granulation in order to obtain solidified mixed grains and to facilitate subsequent complete carbonation.
    The inlet valve 31 is opened in order to convey the solidified mixed material grains via the lifting device B29 and the inlet funnel C30 into a shaker sieve 33 within the carbonation chamber 32. After the shaking screen 33 has been fully loaded, the inlet valve 31, the control valve 38 and the outlet valve 41 are closed and the third pressure control valve 34 is opened in order to carbonize the solidified mixed material grains and thus to produce carbonized silt grains.
    After carbonation, the first pressure control valve 34 is closed and then the control valve 38 is opened, so that liquid waste and exhaust gas flow into the alkali tank 39 and are absorbed by the alkali. Finally, the outlet valve 41 is opened, so that the carbonized silt grains reach the storage silo 42 via the outlet line 40.
    Finally, the carbonized silt grains treated and collected by means of the above system are reused in the storage silo 42 as filler material for the road base, runway or backfill.
    The moisture sensor 6, the weighing sensor A11, the weighing sensor B12 and the weighing sensor C13 are each connected to the central control device 14 via a lead wire. First, some reference value is set for the weighing sensor A11 and then, depending on the moisture monitoring value, the weighing sensor B12 and depending on the target strength and hardness of the silt grains, the weighing sensor C13 is set.
    The strength and depth of the carbonization of silt is subject to considerable influences from, among other things. the water content, the proportion of clay particles (fine grains), the amount of strengthening agent added, the aeration pressure and the duration of carbonization. For example, the silt in Nanjing, Huaian and Wenzhou has different properties. An indoor unit test is then carried out on silt solidified under various conditions with magnesium oxide. The test object in the subsequent test is cylindrical and has a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm. The lateral surface and the bottom of the test specimen are sealed so that only the bottom of the cylindrical test specimen lets gas through. For each series of tests, three parallel tests are carried out and the test result is the average of the three parallel test pieces. Table 1 shows the basic physical properties of the silt in Nanjing, Huaian and Wenzhou. The test results with regard to the strength and the depth of carbonization of the carbonized silt from the three locations are shown in Tables 2, 3 and 4.
    Table 1: Basic physical properties of the silt from three locations<tb> Nanjing <SEP> 48.6 <SEP> 24.0 <SEP> 16.9 <SEP> 68.3 <SEP> 14.8<tb> Huaian <SEP> 60.6 <SEP> 31.7 <SEP> 28.8 <SEP> 59.3 <SEP> 11.9<tb> Wenzhou <SEP> 69.2 <SEP> 37.6 <SEP> 39.4 <SEP> 55.7 <SEP> 4.9
    [0033] Table 2: Carbonization test result of the nanjing silt<tb> 1 <SEP> 20 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 1.35 <SEP> 8.6<tb> 2 <SEP> 35 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 1.24 <SEP> 7.3<tb> 3 <SEP> 40 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 1.06 <SEP> 5.7<tb> 4 <SEP> 35 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 5 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 0.77 <SEP> 6.4<tb> 5 <SEP> 35 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 15 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 1.62 <SEP> 8.2<tb> 6 <SEP> 35 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 100 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 1.11 <SEP> 4.5<tb> 7 <SEP> 35 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 400 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 1.38 <SEP> 9.0<tb> 8 <SEP> 35 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 0.5 <SEP> 0.40 <SEP> 2.8<tb> 9 <SEP> 35 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 1.43 <SEP> 9.7
    [0034] Table 3: Carbonization test result of the Huaian silt<tb> 1 <SEP> 35 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 1.16 <SEP> 7.4<tb> 2 <SEP> 45 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 0.74 <SEP> 6.2<tb> 3 <SEP> 55 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 0.46 <SEP> 3.6<tb> 4 <SEP> 45 <SEP> 5 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 1.04 <SEP> 8.3<tb> 5 <SEP> 55 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 0.91 <SEP> 6.9
    Table 4: Carbonization test result of the silt from Wenzhou<tb> 1 <SEP> 45 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 0.62 <SEP> 4.8<tb> 2 <SEP> 55 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 0.34 <SEP> 3.2<tb> 3 <SEP> 65 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 0.15 <SEP> 1.7<tb> 4 <SEP> 45 <SEP> 5 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 0.76 <SEP> 6.8<tb> 5 <SEP> 55 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 0.60 <SEP> 5.7<tb> 6 <SEP> 65 <SEP> 15 <SEP> 10 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 0.51 <SEP> 6.2
    First test example
    With a clay particle content of less than 20%, a water content of 30% to 40% and a target strength of 0.6 MPa of the pretreated silt, no first solidifying agent is used in the mixing and the proportion of the second solidifying agent to 10% The maximum grain size is set to 7 cm during granulation, the ventilation pressure is set to 200 kPa during carbonization and the carbonation time is 1.5 hours.
    Second test example
    With a clay particle content of less than 20% to 30%, a water content of less than 45% and a target strength of 0.6 MPa of the pretreated silt, the amount of the first solidifying agent added to 5% and the proportion of the second solidifying agent is set to 10%, the maximum grain size being set to 6 cm during the granulation, the aeration pressure being regulated to 200 kPa during the carbonization, and the carbonization time being 1.5 hours.
    Third test example
    With a clay particle content of less than 20%, a water content of 30% to 40% and a target strength of 0.8 MPa of the pretreated silt, no first solidifying agent is used in the mixing and the proportion of the second solidifying agent to 15% The maximum grain size is set to 6 cm during granulation, the ventilation pressure is set to 200 kPa during carbonization and the carbonation time is 3.0 hours.
    Fourth test example
    With a clay particle content of less than 20%, a water content of more than 40% and a target strength of 0.8 MPa of the pretreated silt, the amount of the first hardening agent added to the mixture and the proportion of the second hardening agent to 10% set to 15%, the maximum grain size being set to 6 cm during the granulation, the aeration pressure being regulated to 200 kPa during the carbonization, and the carbonization time being 3.0 h.
    Fifth test example
    With a clay particle content of less than 30%, a water content of more than 55% and a target strength of 0.8 MPa of the pretreated silt, the amount of the first hardening agent added to the mixture and the proportion of the second hardening agent are 10% set to 10%, the maximum grain size being set to 6 cm during the granulation, the ventilation pressure being regulated to 200 kPa during the carbonization, and the carbonization time being 1.5 hours.
    Sixth test example
    With a clay particle content of more than 30%, a water content of more than 55% and a target strength of 0.8 MPa of the pretreated silt, the amount of the first hardening agent added to the mixture and the proportion of the second hardening agent to 15% set to 15%, the maximum grain size being set to 4 cm during the granulation, the ventilation pressure being regulated to 400 kPa during the carbonization, and the carbonization time being 3.0 h.
    Seventh test example
    With a clay particle content of less than 20%, a water content of less than 30% and a target strength of 1.0 MPa of the pretreated silt, no first solidifying agent is used in the mixing and the proportion of the second solidifying agent is set to 10% , whereby the maximum grain size is set to 10 cm during the granulation, the ventilation pressure is regulated to 100 kPa during the carbonization, and the carbonization time is 1.5 hours.
    Eighth test example
    With a clay particle content of less than 20%, a water content of less than 30% and a target strength of 0.4 MPa of the pretreated silt, no first solidifying agent is used in the mixing and the proportion of the second solidifying agent is set to 10% , whereby the maximum grain size is set to 8 cm during the granulation, the ventilation pressure is regulated to 200 kPa during the carbonization and the carbonization time is 0.5 h.
    As can be seen from a comparison between the first and the second exemplary embodiment, the test examples 3 to 6, the test sample series (1, 2), (3 to 6) and 7 and 8, the addition amount of the solidifying agent can be that Grain size, the aeration pressure and the duration of carbonization during ex-situ treatment of the silt on site, i.e. when the silt is mixed with two solidifying agents in a mixing device and in a subsequent granulation device depending on the water content, the clay particle content and the target Adjust the soil grain strength of the pretreated floor.
    First embodiment
    [0045] A method for ex situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt bottom using active magnesium oxide comprises the following steps:<tb> a. <SEP> Pretreatment of the silt:Conveying the silt to be treated via a truck or a feed pump into the pretreatment device 1, in which a contamination removal process, a sand-sludge separation process and a drying and volume reduction process take place in turn. In the contamination removal process, above all solid contaminants, for example grass roots and rubbish bags, are removed from the ground, after which a sand-sludge separation function is initiated, in which sludge and sand are separated off by means of a mechanical sieve. Finally, a drying and volume reduction process takes place, in which water and sludge that have been pretreated are separated and in each case taken up in the water storage tank 3 or the intermediate silo 4.<tb> b. <SEP> mixing a solidifying agent:The sludge in the intermediate silo 4 is conveyed into the weighing hopper A8 by means of the lifting device A7 and at the same time the first pressure control valve 23 and the second pressure control valve 24 are opened and the first solidifying agent in the first storage tank 21 and the second hardening agent in the second storage tank 22 in each case Weighing bunker B9 and the weighing bunker C10. The ratio between the sludge and the solidifying agent is adjusted via the weighing sensor A11, the weighing sensor B12 and the weighing sensor C13 and, depending on the water content of the silt, the addition amount of the two solidifying agents is adjusted in real time in order to achieve the optimal work efficiency. The sludge, the first solidifying agent and the second solidifying agent, which have been weighed in a corresponding ratio, are respectively discharged from the weighing bunker A8, the weighing bunker B9 and the weighing bunker C10 onto the conveyor belt 15 and fall down and over the outlet end of the conveyor belt 15 the inlet judge A17 above the mixing device 18 into the mixing device 18, in which the material to be mixed is mixed in order to produce a mixed material. A mixing device 16 enables the silt to be mixed with two different solidifying agents. By adapting the grain size depending on the soil properties, the requirement of a subsequent carbonation process can be met. Several operations can be carried out seamlessly and continuously, which ensures increased continuity and completeness of the entire operation.<tb> c. <SEP> silt granulation:The mixed mix is conveyed into the granulation device 28 via the material conveying line 26 and the inlet funnel B27 in order to granulate the silt mix. Granulation of silt in the granulation device 28 overcomes the disadvantage of uneven in-situ grains and excessive sludge moisture in conventional methods. Depending on the water content and the properties of the sludge, the ratio between the sludge and the two solidifying agents can be adjusted in step b, whereby better granulation is achieved in order to obtain solidified mixed grains and to facilitate subsequent complete carbonation.<tb> d. <SEP> carbonation with carbon dioxide:Conveying the solidified mixed grains obtained in step c via the lifting device B29 and the inlet funnel C30 into a shaker sieve 33 within the carbonation chamber 32. After the shaker sieve 33 is fully loaded, the inlet valve 31, the control valve 38 and the outlet valve 41 are closed and the third pressure control valve 34 is opened in order to carbonize the solidified mixed grains and thus produce carbonized silt grains. A complete carbonization of the grains solidified with magnesium oxide is achieved by means of a mobile carbonization chamber 32 and a shaking sieve 33 in the carbonization chamber 32, whereby the leakage and the waste of carbon dioxide during in-situ carbonization and solidification are avoided and the degree of utilization of carbon dioxide is increased can. In addition, the uniformity of the carbonization of the grains solidified with magnesium oxide is improved by shaking the grains.<tb> e. <SEP> Collection of waste liquid / exhaust gas:Collect the carbonized grains produced in step d and simultaneously collect waste liquid and exhaust gas generated in the process using an alkali.<tb> f. <SEP> recycling:Reuse of the carbonized grains collected according to the above steps as filling material in the road foundation, runway or backfill.
    The method is characterized by simplicity and ease of use as well as a continuous and efficient overall process. Thus, complete mixing of the silt with a solidifying agent and rapid carbonization of the silt grains solidified with magnesium oxide can be achieved. Through the overall process of the present method, the large area of land occupied by the disposal of the silt produced in the construction industry and the pollution of the surroundings can be reduced. The entire process is characterized by low carbon emissions, good environmental friendliness and sustainable development.
    Second embodiment
    On the basis of the first exemplary embodiment, the moisture monitoring value of the sludge pretreated in step a is detected via the moisture sensor 6. A weighing sensor A11, a weighing sensor B12 and a weighing sensor C13 are each provided for the sludge, the first solidifying agent and the second solidifying agent in step b. First, some reference value is set for the weighing sensor A11 and then, depending on the moisture monitoring value, the weighing sensor B12 and depending on the target strength and hardness of the silt grains, the weighing sensor C13 is set.
    Depending on the water content, the clay particle content and the target soil grain strength of the pretreated silt, the addition ratio of the two solidifying agents, the grain size, the aeration pressure and the carbonation time can be adjusted in order to achieve the desired silt property.
    In addition, several tests with different silt properties under different environmental conditions result in a grain size range of solidified mixed grains of 1 cm to 10 cm. Optimal carbonization and solidification of silt can thus be achieved with a grain size range of solidified mixed grains from 1 cm to 10 cm and with different environmental conditions and silt properties.
    Third embodiment
    On the basis of the above embodiments, the solid impurities in step a are removed by means of a mechanical egg nail or a mechanical sieve, the sludge and sand being separated primarily by mechanical centrifugation or filtering out using a soil technology mesh bag, which is simple Operation and increased efficiency ensures.
    An anhydrous magnesium chloride powder or a powder mixture of anhydrous magnesium chloride and anhydrous calcium chloride can be used as the first solidifying agent and an active magnesium oxide powder or a powder mixture of active magnesium oxide and calcium oxide can be used as the second solidifying agent. Here, environmentally friendly active magnesium oxide is used as the main solidifying agent, which can absorb a large amount of carbon dioxide gas during carbonization and reinforcement in order to avoid environmental pollution as far as possible.
    As the lye in step e, a sodium hydroxide solution can be used, which is readily available, inexpensive, easy to use and is safe. The whole process requires no long-term maintenance and can be completed in a short time, which ensures high efficiency and simplicity.
    [0053] So far, basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been illustrated and explained. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is by no means restricted to the above examples, and the above examples and description are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, with various changes and without departing from the basic ideas and scope of the present invention Improvements are possible that also fall within the claimed scope of the invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    1. Treatment system for ex situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt bottom using active magnesium oxide, characterized in thatthat the treatment system comprises a pretreatment device (1), a solidification agent supply device (21, 22, 23, 24, 25), a mixing device (18), a granulation device (28), a carbonization device (30, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37) and a collecting device (38, 39, 40, 41),wherein the pretreatment device (1) is connected to a water storage tank (3) and an intermediate silo (4), in which intermediate silo (4) a moisture sensor (6) is also provided,wherein the mixing device (18) comprises a weighing hopper A (8), a weighing hopper B (9), a weighing hopper C (10), a conveyor belt (15), a mixing device (16) and an inlet hopper A (17),the weighing hopper A (8) is connected to the intermediate silo (4) via a lifting device A (7),the conveyor belt (15) under the weighing hopper A (8), the weighing hopper B (9) and the weighing hopper C (10) and the inlet straightener A (17) below the outlet end of the conveyor belt (15) and the inlet hopper A (17 ) is attached above the mixing device (16), the bottom area of the weighing hopper A (8), weighing hopper B (9) and weighing hopper C (10) each having a weighing sensor A (11), a weighing sensor B (12) or has a weighing sensor C (13),wherein the solidifying agent supply device (21, 22, 23, 24, 25) comprises at least a first storage tank (21) and a second storage tank (22), each of which is connected to an air compressor (25) via a ventilation line,wherein a first pressure control valve (24) is provided on the ventilation line connected to the first storage tank (21) and a second pressure control valve (25) is provided on the ventilation line connected to the second storage tank (22), andwherein the lowermost area of the first storage tank (21) and the lowermost area of the second storage tank (22) are each connected to the upper area of the weighing hopper B (9) and the upper area of the weighing hopper C (10) via a ventilation line,wherein the granulation device (28) is located below the mixing device (18) and an inlet funnel B (27) is provided at the uppermost area of the granulation device (28) and is connected to the lowermost area of the mixing device (16) via a material feed line (26) iswherein the carbonization device (30, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37) an inlet funnel C (30), a carbonization chamber (32), a shaker screen (33), a gas storage tank (35), a temperature sensor (36) and a pressure sensor ( 37), which inlet hopper C (30) is connected via a lifting device B (29) to the lowermost area of the granulation device (28) and via a line to the uppermost area of the carbonation chamber (32),an inlet valve (31) being provided on the connecting line,the vibrating screen (33) being located within the carbonation chamber (32) and below the inlet funnel C (30),wherein the temperature sensor (36) and the pressure sensor (37) are arranged in the upper region or on a side wall of the carbonization chamber (32), andthe gas storage tank (35) being connected via a ventilation line to the uppermost region of the carbonization chamber (32), on which ventilation line a third pressure control valve (34) is also provided,the collecting device (38, 39, 40, 41) comprising at least one alkali tank (39) and a storage silo (42),the liquor tank (39) being connected via a line to the lowermost region of the carbonization chamber (32) and a control valve (38) being provided on the connecting line,wherein the storage silo (42) is connected via an outlet line (40) to the lower region of the carbonization chamber (32), on which outlet line (40) an outlet valve (41) is provided.
    [2]
    2. Treatment system for ex situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt bottom by means of active magnesium oxide according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a cleaning device (20) which is connected via a line to the mixing device (18), on which connecting line an exhaust fan (19) is provided.
    [3]
    3. Treatment system for ex-situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt soil by means of active magnesium oxide according to claim 2, characterized in that in the pretreatment device (1) from top to bottom, one after the other in each case one impurity removal separating layer, one sand sludge Deposition separation layer and a drying and volume reduction separation layer are provided.
    [4]
    4. Treatment system for ex situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt soil by means of active magnesium oxide according to claim 3, characterized in that the moisture sensor (6), the weighing sensor A (11), the weighing sensor B (12) and the weighing sensor C (13 ) are each connected to a central control device (14) via a lead wire.
    [5]
    5. Treatment system for ex situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt bottom by means of active magnesium oxide according to claim 3, characterized in that the maximum mesh size of the vibrating screen (33) is smaller than the minimum grain size of the grains produced by the granulation device (28).
    [6]
    6. Use of a treatment system according to one of the preceding claims for ex situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt soil by means of active magnesium oxide, characterized in that the grain size of the granules produced by the granulation device (28) depends on the soil properties and the water content of the silt. can be dynamically adjusted in the treatment system.
    [7]
    7. A method for ex situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt bottom using active magnesium oxide, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:- a: pretreatment of the silt: removal of solid impurities from the silt to be treated in a pretreatment device (1), separation of sludge and sand by means of a mechanical sieve afterwards and drying and volume reduction in order to obtain water and sludge which have been pretreated,- b: Mixing of a solidifying agent: unloading the sludge obtained in step a together with a first solidifying agent and a second solidifying agent via an assigned weighing hopper (8, 9, 10) onto a conveyor belt (15) and conveying into a mixing device (18) Conveyor belt (15) for thorough mixing,the ratio of the sludge to the first solidifying agent and the second solidifying agent being adjusted via a weighing sensor (11, 12, 13),C: silt granulation: conveying the mixed material into a granulation device (28) for granulating the mixed material in order to obtain solidified mixed material,- d: carbonization with carbon dioxide: conveying the solidified mixed material after step c into a shaking sieve (33) within a carbonization chamber (32),- e: Collection of waste liquid / waste gas: collection of the carbonized grains produced in step d and simultaneous absorption of waste liquid and waste gas generated in the process using an alkali.
    [8]
    8. The method for ex-situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt soil by means of active magnesium oxide according to claim 7, characterized in that a moisture monitoring value of the sludge pretreated in step a is detected via a moisture sensor (6), for the sludge, the first Solidifying means and the second solidifying means in step b are each a weighing sensor A (11), a weighing sensor B (12) and a weighing sensor C (13) are provided, any reference value is set for the weighing sensor A (11) and then depending on that Moisture monitoring value of the weighing sensor B (12) and depending on the target strength and hardness of the silt grains the weighing sensor C (13) can be set.
    [9]
    9. A method for ex-situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt soil using active magnesium oxide according to claim 7, characterized in that the solid impurities in step a are removed by means of a mechanical egg nail or a mechanical sieve, the sludge and sand mainly through mechanical centrifugation or filtering out using a soil technology mesh bag.
    [10]
    10. The method for ex-situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt bottom by means of active magnesium oxide according to claim 8, characterized in that the first consolidation agent is an anhydrous magnesium chloride powder or a powder mixture of anhydrous magnesium chloride and anhydrous calcium chloride and the second Solidifying agent is an active magnesium oxide powder or a powder mixture of active magnesium oxide and calcium oxide.
    [11]
    11. A method for ex-situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt bottom by means of active magnesium oxide according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the solidified mixed grains obtained after step c have a grain size of 1 cm to 10 cm.
    [12]
    12. The method for ex-situ carbonization and consolidation of a silt bottom by means of active magnesium oxide according to claim 11, characterized in that the lye in step e is a sodium hydroxide solution.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    PCT/CN2017/118447|WO2019100512A1|2017-11-24|2017-12-26|Treatment system for ex-situ carbonization and solidification of silt soil using active magnesium oxide and method thereof|
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